National

Bahrain's Labour Law for the Private Sector secures rights for workers including migrant workers, especially non-national domestic workers.

Organic Law No. 12-01 reaffirms the right of expatriates to vote, and also includes compulsory quotas for expatriate communities to ensure their representation in elected assemblies.

The National Coordinating Committee for Combating and Preventing Trafficking in Persons, established in 2007, put together a two-year national action plan addressing capacity building of law enforcement officials and the judicial system in order to prosecute offenders, protection and assistance for victims, and the involvement of other stakeholders and cooperation with regional and international actors.

Amendments made in 2011 to the Sudanese Nationality Act 1994 include prohibiting dual nationality with South Sudan by having individuals who acquire South Sudanese citizenship, either “de jure or de facto”, to automatically lose their Sudanese nationality. The amendments also stipulate that a foreign national must reside in Sudan for more than 10 years (an increase of five years) to be granted nationality.

Article 2 of the Labor Law (Law 17 of 2010) states that: “In the application of the provisions of this law, it is forbidden to violate or exceed the principle of equal opportunities or equal treatment for whatever reason, in particular discrimination between workers in terms of race, color, sex, marital status, belief, political opinion, trade union affiliation, nationality,  social origin, dress or style of dress in a manner that does not conflict with personal freedom, in all matters related to employment, organization of work, vocational rehabilitation and training, remuneration, or By promotion, social benefits, disciplinary measures and dismissal. Article 4: The provisions of this Law shall apply to labor relations in the private sector, federal and foreign Arab companies, the cooperative sector, and the joint sector not covered by the provisions of the Basic Law for State Employees.”

Article (1) Labour relations between the citizens of the Great Socialist Libyan Arab Jamahiriya shall be free relations aimed at eliminating the slavery of workers and establishing partnership in the economic unity that they establish. Partnership shall be among Libyan citizens and may be among nonLibyans. Paid work in public entities or the cases where the party concerned chooses not to participate in accordance with the provisions of this Law may be an exception to this. Article (2) Labour in the Great Jamahiriya shall be a right and duty for all male and female citizens. It shall be based on the principle of equality in employment among citizens or among citizens and other foreigners residing legally in the Great Jamahiriya. Obligatory labor, forced labor, and manifestations of injustice and exploitation shall be absolutely prohibited.

Law No. 12 of 2010 promulgating the Labor Relations Law includes the following: Article 93: The employer must treat the domestic worker in a manner consistent with humane treatment and may not insult or humiliate him, whether verbally or physically, and the employer may not employ the domestic worker in arduous or hazardous work in a manner contrary to what is specified in the contract concluded between the two parties. Article 99: The employer must provide equality between those who work for him in domestic service and other categories of workers, and all the provisions of this law apply to them, especially with regard to the following: The right to join specialized trade unions, enjoy protection in the field of social security, minimum working age, weekly rest or leave, maternity protection, and minimum wage. Article 100: The employer is obligated to allow the labor inspector to inspect the domestic worker's conditions and living conditions to ensure compliance with labor laws and regulations.

The 2011 Nationality Code allows both Tunisian men and women to transfer nationality to their children. This legislation has since been replaced by the Tunisian Nationality Code of 2018.

Law No. 64 states that vulnerable migrants have access to health and psychosocial services provided by agencies such as IOM. There is one shelter available for trafficking victims.

Drafted in 2010 and adopted in 2012, this national strategy involves seven ministries, focuses on three sector-specific areas (migration and development, migration and vulnerable groups, and border control and protection of migrants), highlights two cross-cutting areas (knowledge of migration phenomena and the legal framework for migration management), and addresses migrants’ rights, expatriate engagement, human trafficking and migrant smuggling, asylum management, irregular migration and border management.