The overarching goal of the new NAP is to prevent and respond to human trafficking and migrant smuggling, which women and children are at heightened risk of. The plan outlines activities aimed at eradicating trafficking in persons.
The Asylum Act of 2014 replaces the 1974 Asylum Act to establish the conditions for refusal of asylum, the loss of refugee status, and the rights and duties of refugees.
Sudan’s Constitutional Charter for the 2019 transitional period establishes citizenship for anyone born to a Sudanese mother or father while making provisions for naturalization laws. Additionally, the constitution prohibits human trafficking and forced labor in any form and protects several important rights such as the right to travel, to change one’s place of residence, to leave the country, and to return. In regards to displaced persons and refugees, the constitution adheres to relevant international standards in the compensation and return of properties, the protection of their human rights during the return process and after, and establishing their right to participate in politics.
The Human Trafficking Act includes a provision for the Sudanese government to coordinate with other countries and facilitate repatriation of foreign victims when necessary, provides for penalties for trafficking offences, and sets up the National Committee for Combating Human Trafficking entrusted with developing a national strategy to combat human trafficking.
Amendments made in 2011 to the Sudanese Nationality Act 1994 include prohibiting dual nationality with South Sudan by having individuals who acquire South Sudanese citizenship, either “de jure or de facto”, to automatically lose their Sudanese nationality. The amendments also stipulate that a foreign national must reside in Sudan for more than 10 years (an increase of five years) to be granted nationality.