Federal Law No. 1 amends some provisions in Federal Law No. 51 of 2006 on Combating Human Trafficking Crimes and provide a framework for victim compensation and assistance to victims of human trafficking.
The Human Trafficking Act includes a provision for the Sudanese government to coordinate with other countries and facilitate repatriation of foreign victims when necessary, provides for penalties for trafficking offences, and sets up the National Committee for Combating Human Trafficking entrusted with developing a national strategy to combat human trafficking.
Law No. 91 provides for a prison term of 15 years to life for perpetrators regarding human trafficking, but does not establish mechanisms for victim protection or for prosecuting and convicting perpetrators.
Law No. 28 provides for the creation of various mechanisms, such as establishing the Higher Committee to Combat Human Trafficking, to combat and limit human trafficking through efforts such as providing for fines and prison terms for trafficking offences. Although it has helped prosecutors in terms of defining crimes as human trafficking and limited the ability of perpetrators to escape punishment, the law does not prohibit all forms of human trafficking, failing to address child prostitution and it stipulating an act has to involve a financial transaction in order to constitute human trafficking.
The National Coordinating Committee for Combating and Preventing Trafficking in Persons, established in 2007, put together a two-year national action plan addressing capacity building of law enforcement officials and the judicial system in order to prosecute offenders, protection and assistance for victims, and the involvement of other stakeholders and cooperation with regional and international actors.
Law No. 51 provided an overarching framework that defines, prevents, and prosecutes human trafficking crimes. This law has since been amended by Federal Law No. 1 of 2015.